evil

adj
/ˈiːvəl/

Etymology

From Middle English yvel, evel, ivel, uvel, from Old English yfel, from Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂up(h₁)élos, a deverbal derivative of *h₂wep(h₁)-, *h₂wop(h₁)- (“treat badly”). See -le for the supposed suffix. Alternatively from *upélos (“evil”, literally “going over or beyond (acceptable limits)”), from Proto-Indo-European *upo, *h₃ewp- (“down, up, over”). Cognates Cognate with Dutch euvel (“evil”), German übel (“bad, evil”), German Low German övel (“evil”), Luxembourgish iwwel (“queasy, nauseous; bad”), Gothic 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐍃 (ubils, “bad, evil”). Compare Old Irish fel (“bad, evil”), from Proto-Celtic *uɸelos, and Hittite 𒄷𒉿𒀊𒍣 (huwapp-ⁱ, “to mistreat, harass”), 𒄷𒉿𒀊𒉺𒀸 (huwappa-, “evil, badness”).

  1. derived from *upo
  2. inherited from *ubilaz
  3. inherited from *ubil
  4. inherited from yfel
  5. inherited from yvel

Definitions

  1. Intending to harm

    Intending to harm; malevolent.

    • an evil plot to brainwash and even kill innocent people
    • For a good while the Miss Brownings were kept in ignorance of the evil tongues that whispered hard words about Molly.
    • He looked at her shapely person with something of the brazen and evil glance that had been so revolting to her in the eyes of those ruffians.
  2. Morally corrupt.

    • If something is evil, it is never mandatory.
    • Do you think that companies that engage in animal testing are evil?
    • Ah, what a sign it is of evil life, When death’s approach is seen so terrible.
  3. Unpleasant, foul (of odor, taste, mood, weather, etc.).

    • He awoke in an evil temper […]
    • 1937, Robert Byron, The Road to Oxiana, London: Macmillan, Part V, “Mazar-i-Sherif,” p. 282, It was an evil day, sticky and leaden: Oxiana looked as colourless and suburban as India.
  4. + 9 more definitions
    1. Producing or threatening sorrow, distress, injury, or calamity

      Producing or threatening sorrow, distress, injury, or calamity; unpropitious; calamitous.

      • The owl shrieked at thy birth,—an evil sign;
      • […] he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel:
      • A little stay will bring some notice hither, For evil news rides post, while good news baits.
    2. Having harmful qualities

      Having harmful qualities; not good; worthless or deleterious.

      • an evil beast; an evil plant; an evil crop
      • A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit.
    3. Undesirable

      Undesirable; harmful; bad practice.

      • Global variables are evil; storing processing context in object member variables allows those objects to be reused in a much more flexible way.
    4. Moral badness

      Moral badness; wickedness; malevolence; the forces or behaviors that are the opposite or enemy of good.

      • The evils of society include murder and theft.
      • Evil lacks spirituality, hence its need for mind control.
      • The heart of the sons of men is full of evil.
    5. Something which impairs the happiness of a being or deprives a being of any good

      Something which impairs the happiness of a being or deprives a being of any good; something which causes suffering of any kind to sentient beings; harm; injury; mischief.

      • evils which our own misdeeds have wrought
      • The evil that men do lives after them.
    6. A malady or disease

      A malady or disease; especially in combination, as in king's evil, colt evil.

      • [The disease]Tis call'd the Euill.
      • He [Edward the Confessor] was the first that touched for the evil.
    7. wickedly, evilly, iniquitously

      • O what of Gods then boots it to be borne, / If old Aveugles ſonnes ſo euill heare?
    8. injuriously, harmfully

      injuriously, harmfully; in a damaging way.

      • And many ſhall follow their pernicious wayes, by reaſon of whom the way of trueth ſhall be euill ſpoken of:
    9. badly, poorly

      badly, poorly; in an insufficient way.

      • It went evil with him.
      • But (as the Poet ſaith) Malè ſarta gratia, nequicquam coit, & reſcinditur: Friendſhip, that is but euill peeced, will not ioine cloſe, but falleth aſunder againe:

The neighborhood

Vish — recursive loop

A definitional loop anchored at evil. Each word in the ring is defined by the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself. Scroll to it and watch.

01evil02unpleasant03pleasant04pleasing05satisfaction06need07craving08strong09possessing10possess

A definitional loop anchored at evil. Each word in the ring appears in the definition of the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself.

10 hops · closes at evil

curated · pre-corpus. live cycle detection across the full graph is the next major milestone.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA