nail

noun
/neɪl/

Etymology

From Middle English nail, nayl, Old English næġl, from Proto-West Germanic *nagl, from Proto-Germanic *naglaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ- (“nail”). Cognates Compare North Frisian Nail (“nail”), Saterland Frisian Nail (“nail”), West Frisian neil, German and Low German Nagel, Dutch and Swedish nagel, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål negl, Norwegian Nynorsk nagl, Finnish naula (“nail”), Estonian nael (“nail”), (compare Irish ionga, Latin unguis, Albanian nyell (“ankle, hard part of a limb”), Lithuanian nagas, Russian нога́ (nogá, “foot, leg”), но́готь (nógotʹ, “nail”), Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Persian ناخن (nâxon), Sanskrit नख (nakhá).

  1. derived from *h₃nogʰ-
  2. inherited from *naglaz
  3. inherited from *nagl
  4. inherited from næġl
  5. inherited from nail

Definitions

  1. The thin, horny plate at the ends of fingers and toes on humans and some other animals.

    • When I'm nervous I bite my nails.
  2. The basal thickened portion of the anterior wings of certain hemiptera.

  3. The terminal horny plate on the beak of ducks, and other allied birds.

  4. + 16 more definitions
    1. The claw of a bird or other animal.

    2. A spike-shaped metal fastener used for joining wood or similar materials. The nail is…

      A spike-shaped metal fastener used for joining wood or similar materials. The nail is generally driven through two or more layers of material by means of impacts from a hammer or other device. It is then held in place by friction.

    3. A round pedestal on which merchants once carried out their business, such as the four…

      A round pedestal on which merchants once carried out their business, such as the four nails outside The Exchange, Bristol.

    4. An archaic English unit of length equivalent to ¹⁄₂₀ of an ell or ¹⁄₁₆ of a yard (2+¹⁄₄…

      An archaic English unit of length equivalent to ¹⁄₂₀ of an ell or ¹⁄₁₆ of a yard (2+¹⁄₄ inches or 5.715 cm).

    5. To fix (an object) to another object using a nail.

      • He nailed the placard to the post.
    6. To drive a nail.

      • He used the ax head for nailing.
    7. To stud or boss with nails, or as if with nails.

      • The rivets of their arms were nail'd with gold.
    8. To catch.

      • I pray you now send me some dub, / A bottle or two to the needy. / I beg you won't bring it yourself, / The harman is at the Old-Bailey; / I'd rather you'd send it behalf, / For, if they twig you they'll nail you.
      • Military Intelligence seems to be on the spot in a quiet sort of way. I just met a G-2 slue-foot and he was a most efficient guy! They're keeping low, I think, until they nail their man.
      • Dammit, John, I'm tired of this 'Demolition Man' stuff! […] Now, I know you've been trying to nail this psycho for two years, but try remembering a little thing called official police procedure.
    9. To expose as a sham.

    10. To accomplish (a task) completely and successfully.

      • I really nailed that test.
      • The chief executive and founder of Meta used his new Threads account to say Twitter had not “nailed” its opportunity to become a mega app and that his copycat version would be “focusing on kindness”.
    11. To hit (a target) effectively with some weapon.

    12. Of a male, to engage in sexual intercourse with.

      • Allison Reynolds: I'm a nymphomaniac. […] The only person I told was my shrink. / Andrew Clark: And what did he do when you told him? / Allison Reynolds: He nailed me.
      • There’s a benefit gala at the Boston Pops tonight, and... well, I’m trying to nail the flautist.
    13. To spike, as a cannon.

      • That the Ordinance be not nayled, nor the munition fiered.
    14. To nail down

      To nail down: to make certain, or confirm.

    15. To steal.

      • Loud was the laughter at this and other remarks about nailing "stooks" (silk pocket handkerchiefs), "clouts" (cotton ditto), german sausages, &c.
    16. A surname transferred from the nickname.

The neighborhood

Vish — recursive loop

A definitional loop anchored at nail. Each word in the ring is defined by the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself. Scroll to it and watch.

01nail02ducks03pet04receives05receive06paid07costing08product09nails

A definitional loop anchored at nail. Each word in the ring appears in the definition of the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself.

9 hops · closes at nail

curated · pre-corpus. live cycle detection across the full graph is the next major milestone.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA