irradiate

adj
/ɪˈɹeɪdɪət/US/ɪˈɹeɪdɪeɪt/UK/ɪˈɹeɪdiˌeɪt/US

Etymology

From Middle English irradiate (“illuminated, shining”), borrowed from Medieval Latin irradiātus, perfect passive participle of irradiō, from ir- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiō (“to cause to radiate, irradiate; to emit beams, radiate”), from radius (“ray of light; rod, staff; spoke of a wheel”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix) (further etymology uncertain; possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“beam; pole; post”)). The adjective is attested earlier than the verb. The English word is analysable as in- (“against; into; on, upon”) + radiate.

  1. derived from *reh₁t- — “beam; pole; post
  2. derived from irradiātus
  3. inherited from irradiate — “illuminated, shining

Definitions

  1. Made brilliant or bright

    Made brilliant or bright; irradiated, illuminated.

    • There ſeek the Theban Bard, depriv'd of ſight, / VVithin, irradiate vvith prophetic light; […]
    • The co-existent Flame / Knew the Destroyer; it encircled him, / Roll'd up his robe, and gathered round his head, / Condensing to intenser splendour there, / His crown of glory, and his light of life, / Hovered the irradiate wreath.
  2. Made splendid or wonderful.

  3. To send out (heat, light, or some other form of radiation) in the form of rays

    To send out (heat, light, or some other form of radiation) in the form of rays; to radiate.

  4. + 12 more definitions
    1. To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it

      To make (someone or something) bright by shining light on them or it; to brighten, to illuminate.

      • Such vvere thy gifts, Pedmálá, ſuch thy povv'r! / For, vvhen thy smile irradiates yon blue fields, / Obſervant Indra ſends the genial ſhovv'r.
      • Thou cheerful light of day! […] thou ſplendid luminary of Natur! thou no longer irradiateſt my eyes or exhilarateſt my ſoul! The ſeaſons ſtill follovv each other, and year ſucceeds to year; but to me day no more returns.
      • Who hath watched / The midnight lightnings of the summer storm, / That, with their aweful blaze, irradiate heaven, / Then leave a blacker night?
    2. To apply radiation other than visible light to (someone or something).

    3. To animate or enliven (one's mood, or soul or spirit).

    4. To cause (one's face) to look beautiful, happy, or lively

      To cause (one's face) to look beautiful, happy, or lively; to light up.

      • [W]e regarded with awe and reverence the sublime features of Madame Columbus, now irradiated with triumph.
    5. To decorate (a place) splendidly.

      • No vveeping orphan ſavv his father's ſtores / Our ſhrines irradiate, or emblaze the floors; […]
    6. To enlighten (someone, their mind, etc.) intellectually or spiritually

      To enlighten (someone, their mind, etc.) intellectually or spiritually; to illuminate, to shed light on.

      • This book might irradiate your mind
      • For him, in one dear Presence, there exists / A virtue which irradiates and exalts / Objects through widest intercourse of sense.
    7. To send out (something) as if in the form of rays

      To send out (something) as if in the form of rays; to diffuse, to radiate, to shed.

      • Mercury in any geniture, if he ſhall be found in Virgo, or Piſces his oppoſite ſigne, and that in the Horoſcope, irradiated by thoſe quartile aspects of Saturne or Mars, the childe ſhall be mad or melancholy.
      • [H]is ideal of grandeur was a splendid façade, diffusing its brilliancy outward too, irradiating hospitality.
    8. To influence (something) as if with rays of heat, light, etc.

      • [T]he neighbouring Spermatick Veſſels are irradiated and virtuated by the kidneys, even as the Brain irradiates the lovver Parts, by an inbred property reſembling light.
      • There muſt be antecedent to it that Ethereal or Solar heat, that muſt digeſt, influence, irradiate, and put theſe more ſimple parts of Matter into motion and coalition: […]
    9. To become bright

      To become bright; to brighten, to light up.

    10. Often followed by on or upon

      Often followed by on or upon: to emit rays of light; to shine.

    11. To emit something other than light

      To emit something other than light; to radiate.

      • [T]he pleaſures of ſenſe have no reliſh vvhere thou [Jesus] irradiateſt and teſtifieſt vvith our conſcience, that vve are the children of God, and have done thy vvill ſincerely, […]
    12. To diverge or be sent out in the form of rays.

      • […] Moſes by approaching to God in the Mount, had a Communication of Glory or Light from him, vvhich irradiated from his Face vvhen he deſcended from the Mount.

The neighborhood

Vish — recursive loop

A definitional loop anchored at irradiate. Each word in the ring is defined by the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself. Scroll to it and watch.

01irradiate02heat03thermal04temperature05intensity06irradiance07irradiating

A definitional loop anchored at irradiate. Each word in the ring appears in the definition of the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself.

7 hops · closes at irradiate

curated · pre-corpus. live cycle detection across the full graph is the next major milestone.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA