betray

verb
/bɪˈtɹeɪ/

Etymology

From Middle English betrayen, bitrayen (“to commit an act of treason against”), equivalent to be- + tray (“to betray”). further etymology information Middle English bi- is from Old English be- (“be-”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- (“be-”), from Proto-Germanic *bi (“near, by”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at, near”). Compare also traitor, treason, tradition. The modern sense “to disclose, discover, reveal unintentionally” is due to influence from or merger with English bewray (“to reveal, divulge”), which is similar in sound and meaning. The similarity with German betrügen, Dutch bedriegen, from Proto-West Germanic *bidreugan (“to betray, deceive”), is coincidental.

  1. inherited from *h₁epi
  2. inherited from *bi-
  3. inherited from be-
  4. inherited from betrayen

Definitions

  1. To deliver into the hands of an enemy by treachery or fraud, in violation of trust

    To deliver into the hands of an enemy by treachery or fraud, in violation of trust; to give up treacherously or faithlessly.

    • An officer betrayed the city.
    • He betrayed his own sister to the secret police.
  2. To prove faithless or treacherous to, as to a trust or one who trusts

    To prove faithless or treacherous to, as to a trust or one who trusts; to be false to; to deceive.

    • to betray a person or a cause
    • Quresh betrayed Sunil to marry Nuzhat.
    • My eyes have been betraying me since I turned sixty.
  3. To violate the confidence of, by disclosing a secret, or that which one is bound in honor…

    To violate the confidence of, by disclosing a secret, or that which one is bound in honor not to make known.

  4. + 4 more definitions
    1. To disclose (a secret, etc.) in deliberate violation of someone’s confidence.

      • The dead leap at the throat, destroy The meaning of the day; dark forms Have scaled your walls, and spies betray Old secrets to amorphous swarms.
    2. To disclose or indicate, for example something which prudence would conceal

      To disclose or indicate, for example something which prudence would conceal; to reveal unintentionally.

      • Though he had lived in England for many years, a faint accent betrayed his Swedish origin.
      • Jones’ sad eyes betray a pervasive pain his purposefully spare dialogue only hints at, while the perfectly cast [Josh] Brolin conveys hints of playfulness and warmth while staying true to the craggy stoicism at the character’s core.
      • Again, to take a less extreme example, there is no denying that although the dialects of northern France retained their fundamentally Romance character, they betray many Germanic influences in phonetics and vocabulary, […]
    3. To mislead

      To mislead; to expose to inconvenience not foreseen; to lead into error or sin.

    4. To lead astray

      To lead astray; to seduce (as under promise of marriage) and then abandon.

The neighborhood

Vish — recursive loop

A definitional loop anchored at betray. Each word in the ring is defined by the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself. Scroll to it and watch.

01betray02treacherous03treachery04treason05betrayal06betraying07betrays

A definitional loop anchored at betray. Each word in the ring appears in the definition of the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself.

7 hops · closes at betray

curated · pre-corpus. live cycle detection across the full graph is the next major milestone.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA