absolute

adj
/ˈæb.sə.luːt/UK/ˈap.sə.lʉwt//ˈæb.səˌlut/US/ˈabsə(ˌ)l(j)uːt/CA/ˈæb.səˌluːt/UK

Etymology

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absolut, from Middle French absolut, from Latin absolūtus (“unconditional; unfettered; completed”), perfect passive participle of absolvō (“loosen, set free, complete”), from ab (“away”) + solvo (“to loose”). Influenced in part by Old French absolu. Compare absolve.

  1. derived from absolu
  2. derived from absolūtus
  3. derived from absolut
  4. inherited from absolut

Definitions

  1. Free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions

    Free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions; unconditional.

    • While Americans enjoy an almost absolute freedom to name their children whatever they please, in Germany the State (as public guardian of the good of the child) restricts parents [...]
  2. Free from imperfection, perfect, complete

    Free from imperfection, perfect, complete; especially, perfectly embodying a quality in its essential characteristics or to its highest degree.

    • absolute purity, absolute liberty
    • So absolute she seems, / And in herself complete.
    • Indeed, my lord, it is a most absolute and excellent horse.
  3. Pure, free from mixture or adulteration

    Pure, free from mixture or adulteration; unmixed.

    • absolute alcohol
  4. + 18 more definitions
    1. Complete, utter, outright

      Complete, utter, outright; unmitigated, not qualified or diminished in any way.

      • an absolute denial of all charges
      • When caught, he told an absolute lie.
      • You're an absolute genius!
    2. Positive, certain

      Positive, certain; unquestionable; not in doubt.

      • Yet if the register is not to be absolute evidence of proprietorship, it is clear that some investigation of title would still be necessary.
      • [...] and in the absence of other signs, or when these latter are inconclusive, it is extremely useful. But it is not, under any circumstances, absolute evidence of the syphilitic nature of a given symptom or set of symptoms.
      • Unless the determined lease to which the easements relate has been registered with title absolute and the easements have been entered without qualification in the register for that title, evidence must be lodged to prove [...]
    3. Certain

      Certain; free from doubt or uncertainty (e.g. a person, opinion or prediction).

      • I am absolute ’twas very Cloten.
      • The colour of my hair—he cannot tell, Or answers "dark," at random,—while, be sure, He's absolute on the figure, live or ten, Of my last subscription.
    4. Fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic

      Fundamental, ultimate, intrinsic; not relative; independent of references or relations to other things or standards.

      • the doctrine that absolute knowledge of things is possible; an absolute principle
      • Absolute rights and duties are such as pertain to man in a state of nature as contradistinguished from relative rights and duties, or such as pertain to him in his social relations.
    5. Independent of arbitrary units of measurement, standards, or properties

      Independent of arbitrary units of measurement, standards, or properties; not comparative or relative.

      • absolute velocity, absolute motion, absolute position
      • His experiments led him to infer that the boiling point of the substance is probably below 9 degrees absolute.
      • This new absolute temperature scale (also called the Kelvin scale) employs the SI unit of absolute temperature, the kelvin, […]
    6. Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence

      Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence; not in a syntactical relation with other parts of a text, or qualifying the text as a whole rather than any single word in it, like "it being over" in "it being over, she left".

    7. As measured using an absolute value.

      • absolute deviation
      • absolute square
      • mean absolute difference
    8. Indicating an expression that is true for all real numbers, or of all values of the…

      Indicating an expression that is true for all real numbers, or of all values of the variable; unconditional.

    9. Pertaining to a grading system based on the knowledge of the individual and not on the…

      Pertaining to a grading system based on the knowledge of the individual and not on the comparative knowledge of the group of students.

    10. Independent of (references to) other arts

      Independent of (references to) other arts; expressing things (beauty, ideas, etc) only in one art.

      • absolute music
    11. Indicating that a tenure or estate in land is not conditional or liable to terminate on…

      Indicating that a tenure or estate in land is not conditional or liable to terminate on (strictly) any occurrence or (sometimes contextually) certain kinds of occurrence.

      • A freehold property is an estate in fee simple absolute in possession.
    12. Absolved

      Absolved; free.

    13. That which exists (or has a certain property, nature, size, etc) independent of…

      That which exists (or has a certain property, nature, size, etc) independent of references to other standards or external conditions; that which is universally valid; that which is not relative, conditional, qualified or mitigated.

      • moral absolutes
      • But if the psychoanalytic mood seems gloomy or pretentious, one may merely think of Anna as a person who comes to deal in absolutes: unconditional demands, total fears, extremities of power and subservience, […]
    14. In a plane, the two imaginary circular points at infinity

      In a plane, the two imaginary circular points at infinity; in space of three dimensions, the imaginary circle at infinity.

    15. A realm which exists without reference to anything else

      A realm which exists without reference to anything else; that which can be imagined purely by itself; absolute ego.

      • Withdrawn as a Buddha he sat, watching the alien world from his perch in the absolute.
    16. The whole of reality

      The whole of reality; the totality to which everything is reduced; the unity of spirit and nature; God.

    17. A concentrated natural flower oil, used for perfumes

      A concentrated natural flower oil, used for perfumes; an alcoholic extract of a concrete.

      • The main difference between these and those of indifferent quality is that the former contain flower absolutes in fairly large proportion and the latter either an insignificant quantity or […]
    18. That which is totally unconditioned, unrestricted, pure, perfect, or complete

      That which is totally unconditioned, unrestricted, pure, perfect, or complete; that which can be thought of without relation to others.

The neighborhood

Vish — recursive loop

A definitional loop anchored at absolute. Each word in the ring is defined by the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself. Scroll to it and watch.

01absolute02mixture03elements04tenets05tenet06belief07believed08believe

A definitional loop anchored at absolute. Each word in the ring appears in the definition of the next; follow the chain far enough and it folds back on itself.

8 hops · closes at absolute

curated · pre-corpus. live cycle detection across the full graph is the next major milestone.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA