under

prep
/ˈʌndə/UK/ˈʌndɚ/US/ˈʊndə/

Etymology

From Middle English under, from Old English under, from Proto-West Germanic *undar, from Proto-Germanic *under, from a merger of Proto-Indo-European *(H)n̥dʰér (“under”) and *h₁entér (“inside”). Cognate with German unter, Dutch onder, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish under, Faroese and Icelandic undir; also Old High German untar (“under”), Sanskrit अन्तर् (antar, “within”), Latin infrā (“below, beneath”) and inter (“between, among”).

  1. inherited from *(H)n̥dʰér — “under
  2. inherited from *under
  3. inherited from *undar
  4. inherited from under
  5. inherited from under

Definitions

  1. Beneath

    Beneath; below; at or to the bottom of, or the area covered or surmounted by.

    • We found some shade under a tree.
    • Quick, stuff the cash under the mattress!
    • There is nothing new under the sun.
  2. From one side of to the other, passing beneath.

    • I crawled under the fence.
    • There is a tunnel under the English Channel.
  3. Less than.

    • Interest rates are now under 1%.
    • We can get there in under an hour.
  4. + 16 more definitions
    1. Subject to.

      • We were constantly under bombardment.
      • I can't live under these circumstances.
      • The matter is under investigation.
    2. Within the category, classification or heading of.

      • File this under "i" for "ignore".
    3. In the face of

      In the face of; in response to (some attacking force).

      • England's World Cup dreams fell apart under a French onslaught on a night when their shortcomings were brutally exposed at the quarter-final stage.
      • to collapse under stress; to give in under interrogation
    4. Using or adopting (a name, identity, etc.).

      • J.K. Rowling has written a crime novel called 'The Cuckoo's Calling' under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith.
      • He writes books under the name John Smith.
      • She now lives under a new identity.
    5. In or to a lower or subordinate position, or a position beneath or below something,…

      In or to a lower or subordinate position, or a position beneath or below something, physically or figuratively.

      • pulled under by the currents
      • weighed under by worry
      • The minstrel fell, but the foeman's chain / Could not bring his proud soul under.
    6. So as to pass beneath something.

      • There's quite a gap, so you may be able to sneak under.
    7. Less than what is necessary to be adequate or suitable

      Less than what is necessary to be adequate or suitable; insufficient.

      • The plants were underwatered.
      • Women are under-represented.
    8. In or into an unconscious state.

      • It took the hypnotist several minutes to make his subject go under.
    9. Down to defeat, ruin, or death.

      • The COVID-19 epidemic and shutdown took some businesses under.
      • Big-box store and online retailing have driven many specialty and local retail stores under.
    10. Lower

      Lower; beneath something.

      • This treatment protects the under portion of the car from rust.
      • (in compounds) underbelly, underside, undershirt, undersecretary
      • The advantages he gains are of double security to him ; first, by the support of his haunches, being at all times more under than before, he learns to be more active with his hind-quarters
    11. In a state of subordination, submission or defeat.

      • The army could not keep the people under.
      • I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection.
    12. Under anesthesia, especially general anesthesia

      Under anesthesia, especially general anesthesia; sedated.

      • Ensure the patient is sufficiently under.
    13. Having a particular property that is low, especially so as to be insufficient or lacking…

      Having a particular property that is low, especially so as to be insufficient or lacking in a particular respect.

      • This chicken is a bit under. (insufficiently cooked)
      • This bag of apples feels under. (of insufficient weight)
      • My pay packet last week was £10 under. (of insufficient monetary amount)
    14. The amount by which an actual total is less than the expected or required amount.

      • […] standard cash count forms used to record the count and any overs or unders.
    15. Something having a particular property that is low or too low.

      • I went fishing but caught nothing but unders.
      • Usually I am at least ten over on that course, but I have shot a couple of unders.
    16. A bet that a particular sporting statistic, such as points scored in a game, will be…

      A bet that a particular sporting statistic, such as points scored in a game, will be below a certain stated value.

The neighborhood

Derived

under-

Vish — recursive loop

No curated loop yet for under. Loops are being traced one word at a time while the ingestion pipeline matures.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA