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orthography

noun
/ɔːˈθɒɡɹəfi/UK/ɔɹˈθɑɡɹəfi/US/ɔ(ɾ)t̪ʰoɡɾæpʰi/

Etymology

The noun is derived from Late Middle English ortografie, ortographie (“spelling”) [and other forms], and then either: * from Anglo-Norman ortografie, Middle French orthographie, ortografie, ortographie (“correct spelling; orthographic projection”) (compare Old French ortografie; modern French orthographe (“spelling, orthography”), orthographie (“orthographic project, orthography”)); or * from their etymon Latin orthographia (“correct spelling; building elevation”), from Koine Greek ὀρθογραφία (orthographía, “correct spelling”), from Ancient Greek ορθο- (ortho-, prefix meaning ‘right, proper; upright’) (from ὀρθός (orthós, “straight; erect, upright; correct, true”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“to grow, increase; high; upright”)) + -γραφίᾱ (-graphíā, suffix meaning ‘drawing; writing’) (from γρᾰ́φω (grắphō, “to cut into, scratch; to write”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to carve”)). The English word is analyzable as ortho- (prefix meaning ‘proper, right; straight’) + -graphy (suffix denoting something written or otherwise represented in a specified manner, or about a specified subject). The verb is derived from the noun. First use appears before c. 1460. Cognates * Catalan ortografia * Italian ortografia * Portuguese ortografia, orthografia (obsolete) * Spanish ortografía

  1. derived from *gerbʰ-✻ — “to carve”
  2. derived from *h₃erdʰ-✻ — “to grow, increase; high; upright”
  3. derived from ορθο-
  4. derived from ὀρθογραφία — “correct spelling”
  5. derived from orthographia — “correct spelling; building elevation”
  6. derived from orthographie
  7. derived from ortografie
  8. inherited from ortografie

Definitions

  1. A method of representing a language or the sounds of language by written symbols

    A method of representing a language or the sounds of language by written symbols; spelling.

    • The Licencer indeed, as his autority novv ſtands, may licence much; but if theſe Greek Orthographies vvere of his licencing; the boyes at School might reck'n vvith him at his Grammar.
    • Then the Bay tried me vvith a ſecond VVord, much harder to be pronounced; but reducing it to the Engliſh Orthography, may be ſpelt thus, Houyhnhnms.

  2. A set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, capitalization,…

    A set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, capitalization, emphasis, hyphenation, punctuation, and word breaks.

  3. The aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words

    The aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words; the study of spelling.

  4. ›+ 4 more definitions

    1. Correct spelling according to established usage

      Correct spelling according to established usage; also (obsolete) pronunciation according to the spelling of a word.

      • I abhor ſuch phanaticall phantaſims, ſuch inſociable and poynt deuiſe companions, ſuch rackers of ortagriphie, as to ſpeake dout ſine, when he ſhould ſay doubt; […]
      • [A]nother [critic] has vovvde to get the conſumption of the lungues, or to leue to poſteritie the true orthography and pronunciation of laughing: […]

    2. A form of projection used to represent three-dimensional objects in two dimensions, in…

      A form of projection used to represent three-dimensional objects in two dimensions, in which all the projection lines are orthogonal or perpendicular to the projection plane; an orthographic projection, especially when used to draw an elevation, vertical projection, etc., of a building; also (obsolete) a drawing made in this way.

      • Ichnography, by vvhich vve are to underſtand the very firſt Deſign and Ordinance of a VVork or Edifice, […] To this ſucceeds Orthography, or the erect elevation of the ſame in face or front deſcrib'd in meaſure upon the former Idea […]

    3. Synonym of orthographer (“someone knowledgeable in spelling rules”).

      • [H]e vvas vvoont to ſpeake plaine, and novv is he turnd ortography, his vvords are a very fantaſticall banquet, iuſt ſo many ſtrange diſhes: […]

    4. To spell (words) or write (text) according to established usage.

      • [T]here have appeared three collections of ſongs and poems, all of vvhich, though there be merit in the compoſition, are, hovvever, vvretchedly orthographied.
      • As it would be unpleasant to the reader to see in print Mr. Dubois's English orthographied as he pronounced his words, we have followed the common way of spelling.
      • After this the whole class performed wonders in the spelling line, orthographying the different words, man, boy, cat, &c., with great precision, doing the whole, of course, in song. [From the Musical Gazette.]

The neighborhood

Derived

dysorthography, orthographer, orthographic, orthographical, orthographically, orthographise, orthographize, orthographist

Vish — recursive loop

No curated loop yet for orthography. Loops are being traced one word at a time while the ingestion pipeline matures.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA