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bruise

verb
/bɹuːz/UK

Etymology

From Middle English bruisen, brusen, brosen, brisen, bresen, from a merger two words, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to break”): * Old English brȳsan, brīesan (“to bruise; crush”), from Proto-Germanic *brausijaną, *brūsijaną (“to break; crumble; crack”). Provided the word's sense. * Anglo-Norman bruiser, bruser (“to break, smash, shatter”), from Gaulish *brus-, from Proto-Celtic *bruseti (“to break”). Provided the word's form. Cognate with Scots brizz, German brausen (“to roar; boom; pound”), Old English brosnian (“to crumble, fall apart”), Dutch broos (“brittle”), German Brosame (“crumb”), dialectal Norwegian brøysk (“breakable”), Latin frustum (“bit, scrap”), Old Church Slavonic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “to rake”), Albanian breshër (“hail”).

  1. derived from *bruseti✻ — “to break”
  2. derived from *brus-✻
  3. derived from bruiser
  4. inherited from *brausijaną✻
  5. inherited from brȳsan
  6. derived from *bʰrews-✻ — “to break”
  7. inherited from bruisen

Definitions

  1. To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in…

    To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it; to contuse.

    • It is as I have spoken: the testing first, next the bruising, and in the last bout the breaking and killing.

  2. To damage the skin of (fruit or vegetables), in an analogous way.

  3. Of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises through being handled roughly.

    • Bananas bruise easily.
  4. ›+ 6 more definitions

    1. To become bruised.

      • I bruise easily.

    2. To fight with the fists

      To fight with the fists; to box.

      • Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom.

    3. To harm or injure somebody's feelings or self-esteem.

      • Her thoughtless remarks bruised my ego.
      • I was bruised by such wanton criticism.

    4. To impair (gin) by shaking rather than stirring.

    5. A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface…

      A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.

    6. A dark mark on fruit or vegetables caused by a blow to the surface.

The neighborhood

Derived

bruisability, bruisable, bruisedness, bruiser, bruise up, bruising, unbruised, bruiseless, bruiselike, bruisewort, bruisy, tobruise

Vish — recursive loop

No curated loop yet for bruise. Loops are being traced one word at a time while the ingestion pipeline matures.

sense glosses and etymology drawn from English Wiktionary · source · CC-BY-SA